Infoteenus
91 EHITUSMATERJALID JA EHITUS
Uued standardid
EVS-EN 1303:2026
Akna- ja uksetarvikud. Lukusüdamikud ja peavõtmesüsteemid (MKS) lukkudele. Nõuded ja katsemeetodid
Käsitlusala:
See dokument kehtib selliste lukkude südamike ja nende võtmete kohta, mida hoonetes tavaliselt kasutatakse ja mis on konstrueeritud kasutamiseks südamikega, mille maksimaalseks tööpöördemomendiks on 1,5 Nm.
See dokument määrab kindlaks südamike ja nende originaalvõtmete tugevuse, turvalisuse, vastupidavuse, toimivuse ja korrosioonikindluse ning muud nõuded. Samuti määrab see kindlaks südamikud, mis sobivad kasutamiseks lukusüsteemides ja peavõtmesüsteemides (MKS).
See dokument kehtestab ühe kasutuskategooria, kolm vastupidavuse klassi, kaks mehaanilise kodeerimise klassi (üksiksüdamikud ja peavõtmesüsteemid MKS), kolm tulekindluse klassi ja neli korrosioonikindluse klassi, mis kõik põhinevad toimivuskatsetel, samuti kuus võtmega seotud turvalisuse klassi, mis põhinevad projekteerimisnõuetel, ja viis klassi, mis põhinevad rünnakut simuleerivatel toimivuskatsetel.
See dokument sisaldab rahuldava toimimise katseid erinevatel temperatuuridel. See määrab kindlaks lukusüdamikel kasutatavad katsemeetodid ja nende südamikega seotud kaitsemeetmed, mida tootja soovitab.
Korrosioonikindlus on täpsustatud standardi EN 1670 nõuete alusel, mis käsitlevad akna- ja uksetarvikute korrosioonikindlust.
Lukusüdamike sobivus tule- või suitsutõkkeuste komplektide jaoks määratakse kindlaks tulekindluse katsetega, mis tehakse lisaks käesolevas dokumendis nõutavatele toimivuskatsetele, vt lisa A.
See dokument ei kehti A- ja B-klassi lukusüdamikega varustatud tulepüsivus- ja suitsutõkkeuste hindamiseks.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1303:2026
Asendab:
EVS-EN 1303:2015
EVS-EN 1427:2026
Bituumenid ja bituumensideained. Pehmenemistäpi määramine. Kuuli-rõnga meetod
Käsitlusala:
See dokument kirjeldab meetodit bituumenite ja bituumenipõhiste sideainete pehmenemistäpi määramiseks vahemikus 28 °C kuni 150 °C.
Kirjeldatud meetod on rakendatav ka bituumenipõhistele sideainetele, mis on saadud bituumenisegudest, näiteks ekstraheerimise teel standardi EN 12697-3 [1] kohaselt.
Hoiatus! Selle dokumendi kasutamine võib hõlmata ohtlikke materjale, toiminguid ja seadmeid. See dokument ei käsitle kõiki selle kasutamisega seotud ohutusprobleeme. Kasutaja vastutab sobivate tööohutus- ja tervisekaitsemeetmete kehtestamise eest ning enne kasutamist tuleb kindlaks teha kehtivate õigusaktidest tulenevate piirangute kohaldatavus.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1427:2026
Asendab:
EVS-EN 1427:2015
CEN/TS 15502-3-3:2026
Gas-fired central heating boilers - Part 3-3: 100 % Hydrogen - Expansion of EN 15502-2-1:2022
Käsitlusala:
Shall be according to EN 15502-2-1:2022+A1:2023, Clause 1 with the following modifications:
Replace:
“This document covers gas-fired central heating boilers from the types C1 up to C(11) and the types B2, B3 and B5:”
By:
“This document covers gas-fired central heating boilers from the types C1, C3 up to C9 and the types B2, B3 and B5:”
b) is replaced by:
b) that use combustible gases of gas group 4Y at the nominal pressure of 20 mbar;
Appliance category Pn Pmin Pmax
4th family 20 17 25
k) is not applicable.
Add at the end of the list, after k), following:
l) which are fully premixed appliances equipped with a Pneumatic Gas/Air Ratio controller (PGAR) or an Adaptive Combustion Control Function (ACCF) that are intended to be connected to hydrogen gas grids where the quality of the distributed hydrogen gas is likely expected to stay within a Wobbe index range of 42 to 46 MJ/m3.
Replace in the list following
“This document does not cover all the requirements for:”
ab), ag), ah) and al) by:
ab) appliances that are intended to be connected to gas grids where the quality of the distributed hydrogen gas is likely to vary outside the Wobbe index range of 42 to 46 MJ/m3;
ag) C(10) boilers;
ah) C(11) boilers;
al) Partially premixed appliances equipped with an adaptive combustion control function (ACCF).
and add an) and ao);
an) The conversion from natural gas to hydrogen.
ao) The risk of aeration of the gas supply to the appliance.
Replace:
“This document covers gas-fired central heating boilers from the types C1 up to C(11) and the types B2, B3 and B5:”
By:
“This document covers gas-fired central heating boilers from the types C1, C3 up to C9 and the types B2, B3 and B5:”
b) is replaced by:
b) that use combustible gases of gas group 4Y at the nominal pressure of 20 mbar;
Appliance category Pn Pmin Pmax
4th family 20 17 25
k) is not applicable.
Add at the end of the list, after k), following:
l) which are fully premixed appliances equipped with a Pneumatic Gas/Air Ratio controller (PGAR) or an Adaptive Combustion Control Function (ACCF) that are intended to be connected to hydrogen gas grids where the quality of the distributed hydrogen gas is likely expected to stay within a Wobbe index range of 42 to 46 MJ/m3.
Replace in the list following
“This document does not cover all the requirements for:”
ab), ag), ah) and al) by:
ab) appliances that are intended to be connected to gas grids where the quality of the distributed hydrogen gas is likely to vary outside the Wobbe index range of 42 to 46 MJ/m3;
ag) C(10) boilers;
ah) C(11) boilers;
al) Partially premixed appliances equipped with an adaptive combustion control function (ACCF).
and add an) and ao);
an) The conversion from natural gas to hydrogen.
ao) The risk of aeration of the gas supply to the appliance.
Alusdokumendid:
CEN/TS 15502-3-3:2026
ISO 9053-1:2026
Acoustics — Determination of airflow resistance — Part 1: Static method
Käsitlusala:
This document specifies the measurement of the determination of the static airflow resistance (see also References[1]and2) in a laminar flow regime, of porous materials for acoustical applications.
Alusdokumendid:
Asendab:
ISO 9053-1:2018
Asendatud standardid
EVS-EN 1427:2015
Bituumen ja bituumensideained. Pehmenemistäpi määramine. Kuuli-rõnga meetod
Käsitlusala:
See Euroopa standard esitab bituumeni ja bituumensideainete pehmenemistäpi määramise meetodi vahemikus 28 °C kuni 150 °C.
Tehniline hoiatus – Üleminek elavhõbetermomeetritelt elektroonilistele temperatuuri mõõtvatele seadmetele on näidanud, et elavhõbetermomeetrite temperatuuri määratlus ei ole piisavalt täpne, et võimaldada vigadeta üleminekut elektroonilistele seadmetele. Tuleb olla tähelepanelik kuuli ja rõnga meetodiga määratud pehmenemistäpi temperatuuride 100 kraadi juures, kuna eelnevate praktikate ja tänapäevaste seadmete katse teostamise tingimused võivad olla mõnevõrra muutunud. Alla umbes 100 kraadi on elektrooniliste ja elavhõbetermomeetrite lugemite erinevus selle katsestandardi korduvustingimustes aktsepteeritav. [Viide: ASTM E20 grupp].
MÄRKUS Kirjeldatud meetod on rakendatav ka bituumensideainetele, mis on saadud asfaltsegudest nt ekstraheerimise teel.
HOIATUS. Selle Euroopa standardi kasutamine võib kätkeda ohtlikke materjale, toiminguid ja seadmeid. Selle Euroopa standardi eesmärk pole käsitleda kõiki selle kasutamisega seotud ohutusprobleeme. Asjakohaste tervishoiu- ja ohutusnõuete kehtestamise ning regulatiivpiirangute rakendatavuse kindlaksmääramise eest enne kasutamist vastutab selle Euroopa standardi kasutaja.
Tehniline hoiatus – Üleminek elavhõbetermomeetritelt elektroonilistele temperatuuri mõõtvatele seadmetele on näidanud, et elavhõbetermomeetrite temperatuuri määratlus ei ole piisavalt täpne, et võimaldada vigadeta üleminekut elektroonilistele seadmetele. Tuleb olla tähelepanelik kuuli ja rõnga meetodiga määratud pehmenemistäpi temperatuuride 100 kraadi juures, kuna eelnevate praktikate ja tänapäevaste seadmete katse teostamise tingimused võivad olla mõnevõrra muutunud. Alla umbes 100 kraadi on elektrooniliste ja elavhõbetermomeetrite lugemite erinevus selle katsestandardi korduvustingimustes aktsepteeritav. [Viide: ASTM E20 grupp].
MÄRKUS Kirjeldatud meetod on rakendatav ka bituumensideainetele, mis on saadud asfaltsegudest nt ekstraheerimise teel.
HOIATUS. Selle Euroopa standardi kasutamine võib kätkeda ohtlikke materjale, toiminguid ja seadmeid. Selle Euroopa standardi eesmärk pole käsitleda kõiki selle kasutamisega seotud ohutusprobleeme. Asjakohaste tervishoiu- ja ohutusnõuete kehtestamise ning regulatiivpiirangute rakendatavuse kindlaksmääramise eest enne kasutamist vastutab selle Euroopa standardi kasutaja.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1427:2015
Asendatud:
EVS-EN 1427:2026
EVS-EN 1303:2015
Akna- ja uksetarvikud. Lukusüdamikud. Nõuded ja katsemeetodid
Käsitlusala:
Seda Euroopa standardit kohaldatakse selliste hoonetes tavaliselt kasutatavate lukkude südamike ja nende võtmete puhul, mis on ette nähtud kasutamiseks koos silindritega, mille lukkudele rakendatakse käitamisel maksimaalset pöördemomenti (jõumomenti) 1,2 Nm.
See Euroopa standard määratleb silindrite ja nende originaalvõtmete toimivuse ja nende tugevusele, turvalisusele, kestvusele, toimivusele ning korrosioonikindlusele esitatavad muud nõuded. See kehtestab ühe kasutuskategooria, kolm kestvusklassi, kolm tuletõkkeklassi ning neli korrosioonikindluse klassi, mis kõik põhinevad toimivuskatsetel, ning kuus võtmega seonduvat turvalisusklassi, mis põhinevad kujundusnõuetel, ning viis rünnakut simuleerivat toimivuskatsete klassi.
See Euroopa standard hõlmab rahuldava toimivuse katseid eri temperatuurivahemikel. See määratleb lukusüdamike katsemeetodid ja tootja soovitatavad südamikega seonduvad kaitseabinõud.
Korrosioonikindlus on määratletud viitega standardis EN 1670 esitatud ehitustarvikute korrosioonikindluse nõuetele.
Lukusüdamike sobivus tule- või suitsutõkkeustes kasutamiseks on määratletud tulepüsivuskatsetega, mis viiakse läbi lisaks selles standardis nõutavatele toimivuskatsetele. Kuna sobivus tuletõkkeustel kasutamiseks ei ole igas olukorras oluline, on tootjal võimalus määratleda, kas lukusüdamik vastab neile lisanõuetele või mitte. Kui tootja on kinnitanud neile lisanõuetele vastavust, vastavad lukusüdamikud lisa A nõuetele.
Teatud juhtudel võib esineda vajadus, et lukusüdamiku ehitus võimaldaks lisafunktsioonide täitmist. Ostjad peaks veenduma, et tooted sobivad kavandatud kasutusotstarbe jaoks.
See Euroopa standard määratleb silindrite ja nende originaalvõtmete toimivuse ja nende tugevusele, turvalisusele, kestvusele, toimivusele ning korrosioonikindlusele esitatavad muud nõuded. See kehtestab ühe kasutuskategooria, kolm kestvusklassi, kolm tuletõkkeklassi ning neli korrosioonikindluse klassi, mis kõik põhinevad toimivuskatsetel, ning kuus võtmega seonduvat turvalisusklassi, mis põhinevad kujundusnõuetel, ning viis rünnakut simuleerivat toimivuskatsete klassi.
See Euroopa standard hõlmab rahuldava toimivuse katseid eri temperatuurivahemikel. See määratleb lukusüdamike katsemeetodid ja tootja soovitatavad südamikega seonduvad kaitseabinõud.
Korrosioonikindlus on määratletud viitega standardis EN 1670 esitatud ehitustarvikute korrosioonikindluse nõuetele.
Lukusüdamike sobivus tule- või suitsutõkkeustes kasutamiseks on määratletud tulepüsivuskatsetega, mis viiakse läbi lisaks selles standardis nõutavatele toimivuskatsetele. Kuna sobivus tuletõkkeustel kasutamiseks ei ole igas olukorras oluline, on tootjal võimalus määratleda, kas lukusüdamik vastab neile lisanõuetele või mitte. Kui tootja on kinnitanud neile lisanõuetele vastavust, vastavad lukusüdamikud lisa A nõuetele.
Teatud juhtudel võib esineda vajadus, et lukusüdamiku ehitus võimaldaks lisafunktsioonide täitmist. Ostjad peaks veenduma, et tooted sobivad kavandatud kasutusotstarbe jaoks.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1303:2015
Asendatud:
EVS-EN 1303:2026
ISO 9053-1:2018
Acoustics -- Determination of airflow resistance -- Part 1: Static airflow method
Käsitlusala:
This document specifies the measurement of the determination of the static airflow resistance[1,2], in a laminar flow regime, of porous materials for acoustical applications.
Alusdokumendid:
Asendatud:
ISO 9053-1:2026
Kavandid
EN 1992-1-1:2023/prA1
Eurocode 2 - Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings, bridges and civil engineering structures
Käsitlusala:
1.1 Scope of FprEN 1992-1-1
(1) This document gives the general basis for the design of structures in plain, reinforced and prestressed concrete made with normal weight, lightweight and heavyweight aggregates. It gives specific rules for buildings, bridges and civil engineering structures, including temporary structures; additional requirements specific to bridges are given in Annex K. The rules are valid under temperature conditions between −40 °C and +100 °C generally. This document complies with the principles and requirements for the safety, serviceability, durability and robustness of structures, the basis of their design and verification that are given in EN 1990.
(2) This document is only concerned with the requirements for resistance, serviceability, durability, robustness and fire resistance of concrete structures. Other requirements, e.g. concerning thermal or sound insulation, are not considered.
(3) This document does not cover:
- resistance to fire (see EN 1992 1 2);
- fastenings in concrete (see EN 1992 4);
- seismic design (see EN 1998 (all parts));
- particular aspects of special types of civil engineering works (such as dams, pressure vessels);
- structures made with no-fines concrete, aerated or cellular concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete with open structure components;
- structures containing steel sections considered in design (see EN 1994 (all parts)) for composite steel and concrete structures;
- structural parts made of concrete with a smallest value of the upper sieve aggregate size Dlower < 8 mm (or if known Dmax < 8 mm) unless otherwise stated in this Eurocode.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to FprEN 1992-1-1.
(2) It is assumed that the requirements for execution and workmanship given in EN 13670 are complied with.
(1) This document gives the general basis for the design of structures in plain, reinforced and prestressed concrete made with normal weight, lightweight and heavyweight aggregates. It gives specific rules for buildings, bridges and civil engineering structures, including temporary structures; additional requirements specific to bridges are given in Annex K. The rules are valid under temperature conditions between −40 °C and +100 °C generally. This document complies with the principles and requirements for the safety, serviceability, durability and robustness of structures, the basis of their design and verification that are given in EN 1990.
(2) This document is only concerned with the requirements for resistance, serviceability, durability, robustness and fire resistance of concrete structures. Other requirements, e.g. concerning thermal or sound insulation, are not considered.
(3) This document does not cover:
- resistance to fire (see EN 1992 1 2);
- fastenings in concrete (see EN 1992 4);
- seismic design (see EN 1998 (all parts));
- particular aspects of special types of civil engineering works (such as dams, pressure vessels);
- structures made with no-fines concrete, aerated or cellular concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete with open structure components;
- structures containing steel sections considered in design (see EN 1994 (all parts)) for composite steel and concrete structures;
- structural parts made of concrete with a smallest value of the upper sieve aggregate size Dlower < 8 mm (or if known Dmax < 8 mm) unless otherwise stated in this Eurocode.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to FprEN 1992-1-1.
(2) It is assumed that the requirements for execution and workmanship given in EN 13670 are complied with.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1992-1-1:2023/prA1
EN 1992-1-2:2023/prA1
Eurocode 2 - Design of concrete structures - Part 1-2: Structural fire design
Käsitlusala:
1.1 Scope of prEN 1992 1 2
(1) This document deals with the design of concrete structures for the accidental situation of fire exposure and is intended to be used in conjunction with prEN 1992 1 1 and EN 1991 1 2. This document identifies differences from, or supplements to, normal temperature design.
(2) This document applies to concrete structures required to fulfil a loadbearing function, separating function or both.
(3) This document gives principles and application rules for the design of structures for specified requirements in respect of the aforementioned functions and the levels of performance.
(4) This document applies to structures, or parts of structures, that are within the scope of prEN 1992 1 1 and are designed accordingly.
(5) The methods given in this document are applicable to normal weight concrete up to strength class C100/115 and lightweight concrete up to strength class LC50/60.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) In addition to the general assumptions of prEN 1990 the following assumptions apply:
- the choice of the relevant design fire scenario is made by appropriate qualified and experienced personnel or is given by the relevant national regulation;
- any fire protection measure taken into account in the design will be adequately maintained.
(1) This document deals with the design of concrete structures for the accidental situation of fire exposure and is intended to be used in conjunction with prEN 1992 1 1 and EN 1991 1 2. This document identifies differences from, or supplements to, normal temperature design.
(2) This document applies to concrete structures required to fulfil a loadbearing function, separating function or both.
(3) This document gives principles and application rules for the design of structures for specified requirements in respect of the aforementioned functions and the levels of performance.
(4) This document applies to structures, or parts of structures, that are within the scope of prEN 1992 1 1 and are designed accordingly.
(5) The methods given in this document are applicable to normal weight concrete up to strength class C100/115 and lightweight concrete up to strength class LC50/60.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) In addition to the general assumptions of prEN 1990 the following assumptions apply:
- the choice of the relevant design fire scenario is made by appropriate qualified and experienced personnel or is given by the relevant national regulation;
- any fire protection measure taken into account in the design will be adequately maintained.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1992-1-2:2023/prA1
EN 1991-1-2:2024/prA1
Eurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 1-2: Actions on structures exposed to fire
Käsitlusala:
1.1 Scope of EN 1991 1 2
(1) The methods given in this Eurocode are applicable to buildings and civil engineering works, with a fire load related to the building and its occupancy.
(2) EN 1991 1 2 deals with thermal and mechanical actions on structures exposed to fire. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the fire design Parts of EN 1992 to EN 1996 and EN 1999 which give rules for designing structures for fire resistance.
(3) EN 1991 1 2 contains thermal actions either nominal or physically based. More data and models for physically based thermal actions are given in annexes.
(4) EN 1991 1 2 does not cover the assessment of the damage of a structure after a fire.
(5) EN 1991 1 2 does not cover supplementary requirements concerning, for example:
- the possible installation and maintenance of sprinkler systems;
- conditions on occupancy of building or fire compartment;
- the use of approved insulation and coating materials, including their maintenance.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) In addition to the general assumptions of EN 1990 the following assumptions apply:
- any active and passive fire protection systems taken into account in the design will be adequately maintained;
- the choice of the relevant design fire scenario is made by appropriate qualified and experienced personnel, or is given by the relevant national regulation.
(1) The methods given in this Eurocode are applicable to buildings and civil engineering works, with a fire load related to the building and its occupancy.
(2) EN 1991 1 2 deals with thermal and mechanical actions on structures exposed to fire. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the fire design Parts of EN 1992 to EN 1996 and EN 1999 which give rules for designing structures for fire resistance.
(3) EN 1991 1 2 contains thermal actions either nominal or physically based. More data and models for physically based thermal actions are given in annexes.
(4) EN 1991 1 2 does not cover the assessment of the damage of a structure after a fire.
(5) EN 1991 1 2 does not cover supplementary requirements concerning, for example:
- the possible installation and maintenance of sprinkler systems;
- conditions on occupancy of building or fire compartment;
- the use of approved insulation and coating materials, including their maintenance.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) In addition to the general assumptions of EN 1990 the following assumptions apply:
- any active and passive fire protection systems taken into account in the design will be adequately maintained;
- the choice of the relevant design fire scenario is made by appropriate qualified and experienced personnel, or is given by the relevant national regulation.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1991-1-2:2024/prA1
EN 1993-1-13:2024/prA1
Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-13: Beams with large web openings
Käsitlusala:
1.1 Scope of EN 1993-1-13
1.1.1 General
(1) This document gives supplementary provisions that extend the application of EN 1993-1-1 and EN 1993-1-5 to the design of rolled and welded steel sections with various shapes of web openings. The following cases are considered:
- rolled or welded beams with single or widely spaced web openings;
- rolled or welded beams with closely spaced web openings;
- cellular beams with circular openings made by cutting and re-welding two parts of steel sections that may be different in dimensions;
- beams with hexagonal and sinusoidal openings made by cutting and re-welding two parts of steel sections that may be different in dimensions.
(2) This document applies to uniform members with I or H profiles, which are symmetric about the weak axis. It does not apply to non-prismatic or curved beams although the same principles can apply.
(3) This document applies to steel beams with web openings that are subjected to sagging (positive) or to hogging (negative) bending moments.
(4) This document covers the verification of the resistance at the openings and their effects on the global behaviour of the beam, including lateral torsional buckling.
(5) Alternative methods are presented for beams with circular openings and with sinusoidal openings in which the forces and resistances are calculated by increments around or along the openings and which are suitable for computer methods.
(6) This document applies to web slenderness, hw/tw, not exceeding 121ε. The local checks at and between adjacent openings apply to web slenderness up to this limit. The material parameter ε is defined in EN 1993-1-1:2022, 5.2.5 (2).
NOTE The limit of 121ε is the limit of a Class 4 web for a steel section with equal flanges. It is used as a convenient limit for the application of this document, including mono-symmetric sections.
(7) This document does not cover fatigue. In case of fatigue, EN 1993-1-9 applies.
(8) This document does not cover fire design. For the design in case of fire, EN 1993-1-2 applies.
(9) This document does not cover the buckling verification of members with web openings under axial force.
1.1.2 Shapes of web openings
(1) The different shapes of web openings that are considered in this document are shown in Figure 1.1.
Figure 1.1 - Different shapes of web openings in steel beams
1.1.3 Stiffened openings
(1) This document also covers openings in the web of beams that are reinforced by longitudinal stiffeners and/or transverse stiffeners on one or both sides of the web, see Figure 1.2.
NOTE The National Annex can give rules for alternative types of stiffener.
Figure 1.2 - Stiffening of openings in beam webs
1.2 Assumptions
(1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, the EN 1991 series and EN 1993-1-1 apply.
(2) The design methods given in EN 1993-1-13 are applicable if:
- the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090-2, and
- the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts of the EN 1993 series, or in the relevant material and product specifications.
1.1.1 General
(1) This document gives supplementary provisions that extend the application of EN 1993-1-1 and EN 1993-1-5 to the design of rolled and welded steel sections with various shapes of web openings. The following cases are considered:
- rolled or welded beams with single or widely spaced web openings;
- rolled or welded beams with closely spaced web openings;
- cellular beams with circular openings made by cutting and re-welding two parts of steel sections that may be different in dimensions;
- beams with hexagonal and sinusoidal openings made by cutting and re-welding two parts of steel sections that may be different in dimensions.
(2) This document applies to uniform members with I or H profiles, which are symmetric about the weak axis. It does not apply to non-prismatic or curved beams although the same principles can apply.
(3) This document applies to steel beams with web openings that are subjected to sagging (positive) or to hogging (negative) bending moments.
(4) This document covers the verification of the resistance at the openings and their effects on the global behaviour of the beam, including lateral torsional buckling.
(5) Alternative methods are presented for beams with circular openings and with sinusoidal openings in which the forces and resistances are calculated by increments around or along the openings and which are suitable for computer methods.
(6) This document applies to web slenderness, hw/tw, not exceeding 121ε. The local checks at and between adjacent openings apply to web slenderness up to this limit. The material parameter ε is defined in EN 1993-1-1:2022, 5.2.5 (2).
NOTE The limit of 121ε is the limit of a Class 4 web for a steel section with equal flanges. It is used as a convenient limit for the application of this document, including mono-symmetric sections.
(7) This document does not cover fatigue. In case of fatigue, EN 1993-1-9 applies.
(8) This document does not cover fire design. For the design in case of fire, EN 1993-1-2 applies.
(9) This document does not cover the buckling verification of members with web openings under axial force.
1.1.2 Shapes of web openings
(1) The different shapes of web openings that are considered in this document are shown in Figure 1.1.
Figure 1.1 - Different shapes of web openings in steel beams
1.1.3 Stiffened openings
(1) This document also covers openings in the web of beams that are reinforced by longitudinal stiffeners and/or transverse stiffeners on one or both sides of the web, see Figure 1.2.
NOTE The National Annex can give rules for alternative types of stiffener.
Figure 1.2 - Stiffening of openings in beam webs
1.2 Assumptions
(1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, the EN 1991 series and EN 1993-1-1 apply.
(2) The design methods given in EN 1993-1-13 are applicable if:
- the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090-2, and
- the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts of the EN 1993 series, or in the relevant material and product specifications.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1993-1-13:2024/prA1
EN 1993-1-10:2025/prA1
Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-10: Material toughness and through-thickness properties
Käsitlusala:
1.1 Scope of EN 1993-1-10
(1) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules for the selection of steel grades and qualities related to fracture toughness to avoid brittle fracture.
NOTE Steel quality is also known as (Charpy) subgrade.
(2) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules to specify through thickness properties for welded elements to reduce the risk of lamellar tearing.
(3) EN 1993-1-10 specifies additional toughness requirements for specific cases to ensure upper shelf toughness in relation to design ultimate resistance in tension and seismic design.
(4) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules for structural steels as listed in EN 1993-1-1. This document applies to steel grades S235 to S700.
(5) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules that apply to the selection of parent material only.
(6) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules that apply to steel materials covered by EN 1993-1-1:2022, 5.1(3), provided that each individual piece of steel is tested in accordance with the requirements of EN 1993 1 1:2022, 5.2.1 and EN 1090-2:2018+A1:2024, 5.1.
(7) This document does not apply to material salvaged from existing steelwork subjected to fatigue or fire.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts) and the other relevant parts of EN 1993-1 (all parts) apply.
(2) The design methods given in EN 1993-1-10 are applicable if:
- the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090-2 or EN 1090-4, and
- the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts of EN 1993 (all parts), or in the relevant material and product specifications.
(1) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules for the selection of steel grades and qualities related to fracture toughness to avoid brittle fracture.
NOTE Steel quality is also known as (Charpy) subgrade.
(2) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules to specify through thickness properties for welded elements to reduce the risk of lamellar tearing.
(3) EN 1993-1-10 specifies additional toughness requirements for specific cases to ensure upper shelf toughness in relation to design ultimate resistance in tension and seismic design.
(4) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules for structural steels as listed in EN 1993-1-1. This document applies to steel grades S235 to S700.
(5) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules that apply to the selection of parent material only.
(6) EN 1993-1-10 specifies rules that apply to steel materials covered by EN 1993-1-1:2022, 5.1(3), provided that each individual piece of steel is tested in accordance with the requirements of EN 1993 1 1:2022, 5.2.1 and EN 1090-2:2018+A1:2024, 5.1.
(7) This document does not apply to material salvaged from existing steelwork subjected to fatigue or fire.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts) and the other relevant parts of EN 1993-1 (all parts) apply.
(2) The design methods given in EN 1993-1-10 are applicable if:
- the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090-2 or EN 1090-4, and
- the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts of EN 1993 (all parts), or in the relevant material and product specifications.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1993-1-10:2025/prA1
EN 1993-1-4:2025/prA1
Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-4: Stainless steel structures
Käsitlusala:
1.1 Scope of prEN 1993-1-4
This document provides supplementary rules for the structural design of steel structures that extend and modify the application of EN 1993-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1993-1-5 and EN 1993-1-8 to austenitic, duplex (austenitic-ferritic) and ferritic stainless steels.
NOTE 1 Austenitic-ferritic stainless steels are commonly known as duplex stainless steels. The term duplex stainless steel is used in this document.
NOTE 2 Information on the durability of stainless steels is given in Annex A.
NOTE 3 The execution of stainless steel structures is covered in EN 1090-2 and EN 1090-4.
1.2 Assumptions
Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), EN 1993-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1993-1-5 and EN 1993-1-8 apply.
The design methods given in prEN 1993-1-4 are applicable if
- the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090-2 and EN 1090-4, and
- the construction materials and products used are as specified in EN 1993-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1993 1-5 and EN 1993-1-8, or in the relevant material and product specifications.
This document provides supplementary rules for the structural design of steel structures that extend and modify the application of EN 1993-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1993-1-5 and EN 1993-1-8 to austenitic, duplex (austenitic-ferritic) and ferritic stainless steels.
NOTE 1 Austenitic-ferritic stainless steels are commonly known as duplex stainless steels. The term duplex stainless steel is used in this document.
NOTE 2 Information on the durability of stainless steels is given in Annex A.
NOTE 3 The execution of stainless steel structures is covered in EN 1090-2 and EN 1090-4.
1.2 Assumptions
Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), EN 1993-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1993-1-5 and EN 1993-1-8 apply.
The design methods given in prEN 1993-1-4 are applicable if
- the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090-2 and EN 1090-4, and
- the construction materials and products used are as specified in EN 1993-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1993 1-5 and EN 1993-1-8, or in the relevant material and product specifications.
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1993-1-4:2025/prA1
EN 1993-1-9:2025/prA1
Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-9: Fatigue
Käsitlusala:
1.1 Scope of EN 1993-1-9
(1) EN 1993-1-9 gives design methods for the verification of the fatigue design situation of steel structures.
NOTE Steel structures consist of members and their joints. Each member and joint can be represented as a constructional detail or as several of the latter.
(2) Design methods other than the stress-based methods, such as the notch strain method or fracture mechanics methods, are not covered by EN 1993-1-9.
(3) EN 1993-1-9 only applies to structures made of all grades of structural steels and products within the scope of EN 1993-1 (all parts), in accordance with the provisions noted in the detail category tables or annexes.
(4) EN 1993-1-9 only applies to structures where execution conforms to EN 1090-2.
NOTE Supplementary execution requirements are indicated in the detail category tables.
(5) EN 1993-1-9 applies to structures operating under normal atmospheric conditions and with sufficient corrosion protection and regular maintenance. The effect of seawater corrosion is not covered.
(6) EN 1993-1-9 applies to structures with hot dip galvanizing in accordance with the provisions noted in the detail category tables or annexes.
(7) Microstructural damage from high temperature (> 150°C) that occurs during the design service life is not covered.
(8) EN 1993-1-9 gives guidance of how to consider post-fabrication treatments that are intended to improve the fatigue resistance of constructional details.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts) and EN 1993 1 (all parts) apply.
(2) The design methods given in EN 1993-1-9 are applicable if:
- the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090-2, and
- the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts on EN 1993 (all parts), or in the relevant material and product specifications.
(3) The design methods of EN 1993-1-9 are generally derived from fatigue tests on constructional details with large scale specimens that include effects of geometrical and structural imperfections from material production and execution (e.g. the effects of tolerances and residual stresses from welding).
(1) EN 1993-1-9 gives design methods for the verification of the fatigue design situation of steel structures.
NOTE Steel structures consist of members and their joints. Each member and joint can be represented as a constructional detail or as several of the latter.
(2) Design methods other than the stress-based methods, such as the notch strain method or fracture mechanics methods, are not covered by EN 1993-1-9.
(3) EN 1993-1-9 only applies to structures made of all grades of structural steels and products within the scope of EN 1993-1 (all parts), in accordance with the provisions noted in the detail category tables or annexes.
(4) EN 1993-1-9 only applies to structures where execution conforms to EN 1090-2.
NOTE Supplementary execution requirements are indicated in the detail category tables.
(5) EN 1993-1-9 applies to structures operating under normal atmospheric conditions and with sufficient corrosion protection and regular maintenance. The effect of seawater corrosion is not covered.
(6) EN 1993-1-9 applies to structures with hot dip galvanizing in accordance with the provisions noted in the detail category tables or annexes.
(7) Microstructural damage from high temperature (> 150°C) that occurs during the design service life is not covered.
(8) EN 1993-1-9 gives guidance of how to consider post-fabrication treatments that are intended to improve the fatigue resistance of constructional details.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts) and EN 1993 1 (all parts) apply.
(2) The design methods given in EN 1993-1-9 are applicable if:
- the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090-2, and
- the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts on EN 1993 (all parts), or in the relevant material and product specifications.
(3) The design methods of EN 1993-1-9 are generally derived from fatigue tests on constructional details with large scale specimens that include effects of geometrical and structural imperfections from material production and execution (e.g. the effects of tolerances and residual stresses from welding).
Alusdokumendid:
EN 1993-1-9:2025/prA1
prEN IEC 62053-24:2026
Electricity metering equipment - Particular requirements - Part 24: Static meters for fundamental component reactive energy (classes 0,5S, 1S, 1, 2 and 3)
Käsitlusala:
This part of IEC 62053 applies only to static var-hour meters of accuracy classes 0,5 S, 1 S, 1, 2 and 3 for the measurement of alternating current electrical reactive energy in 50 Hz or 60 Hz networks and it applies to their type tests only.
Classes 0,5 S and 1 S are only defined for transformer-operated and transducer-operated meters.
This document uses a conventional definition of reactive energy where the reactive power and energy is calculated from the fundamental frequency components of the currents and voltages only (see Clause 3).
NOTE 1 This differs from IEC 62053-23, where reactive power and energy is only defined for sinusoidal signals. In this document reactive power and energy is defined for all periodic signals. Reactive power and energy is defined in this way to achieve proper reproducibility of measurements with meters of different designs. With this definition, reactive power and energy reflects the generally unnecessary current which can be compensated with capacitors rather than the total unnecessary current.
NOTE 2 For other general requirements, such as safety, dependability, etc., see the relevant standards in the IEC 62052 or IEC 62059 series.
This document applies to electricity metering equipment designed to: – measure and control electrical energy on electrical networks (mains) with voltage up to 1 000 V AC;
NOTE 3 For AC electricity meters, the voltage mentioned above is the line-to-neutral voltage derived from nominal voltages. See IEC 62052-31:2024, Table 7.
– have all functional elements, including add-on modules, enclosed in, or forming a single meter case with exception of indicating displays;
– operate with integrated or detached indicating displays, or without an indicating display;
– be installed in a specified matching socket or rack;
– optionally, provide additional functions other than those for measurement of electrical energy.
Meters designed for operation with external transducers may be tested for compliance with this document:
– as directly connected meters, when such meters and their transducers are tested together;
– as transducer-operated meters when such meters are tested without transducers.
NOTE 4 When transducer-operated meters are tested without transducers, the reference measurements may be performed at the input terminals of the meter. This may require, for example, a traceable reference standard meter (standard, French: étalon) with inputs compatible with mV or mA level transducer output signals. Another practical way to test transducer-operated meters is to perform the reference measurement at the input terminals of calibrated reference transducers. This way, the reference standard meters, and test current sources may be the same as those used for testing of transformer-operated meters. The transformation ratio, metrological characteristics and uncertainty of the reference transducers are known and their influence can be removed by post-processing the test data. The determination of the appropriate test methodology is left to the expertise of the testing laboratory.
NOTE 5 Modern electricity meters typically contain additional functions such as measurement of voltage magnitude, current magnitude, power, frequency, power factor, etc.; measurement of power quality parameters; load control functions; delivery, time, test, accounting, recording functions; data communication interfaces and associated data security functions. The relevant standards for these functions may apply in addition to the requirements of this document. However, the requirements for such functions are outside the scope of this document.
NOTE 6 Product requirements for power metering and monitoring devices (PMDs) and measurement functions such as voltage magnitude, current magnitude, power, frequency, etc., are covered in IEC 61557-12. However, devices compliant with IEC 61557-12 are not intended to be used as billing meters unless they are also compliant with IEC 62052-11 edition 3 CDV:2026 and one or more relevant IEC 62053-xx accuracy class standards.
NOTE 7 Product requirements for power quality instruments (PQIs) are covered in IEC 62586-1. Requirements for power quality measurement techniques (functions) are covered in IEC 61000-4-30. Requirements for testing of the power quality measurement functions are covered in IEC 62586-2.
This document does not apply to: – meters for which the voltage line-to-neutral derived from nominal voltages exceeds 1 000 V AC;
– metering systems comprising multiple devices (except transducers) physically remote from one another;
– portable meters;
NOTE 8 Portable meters are meters that are not permanently connected.
– meters used in rolling stock, vehicles, ships and airplanes;
– laboratory and meter test equipment;
– reference standard meters;
– data interfaces to the register of the meter;
– matching sockets or racks used for installation of electricity metering equipment;
– any additional functions provided in electrical energy meters.
This document does not cover measures for the detection and prevention of fraudulent attempts to compromise a meter’s performance (tampering).
NOTE 9 Nevertheless, specific tampering detection and prevention requirements, and test methods, as relevant for a particular market are subject to the agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
NOTE 10 Specifying requirements and test methods for fraud detection and prevention would be counterproductive, as such specifications would provide guidance for potential fraudsters.
NOTE 11 There are many types of meter tampering reported from various markets; therefore, designing meters to detect and prevent all types of tampering could lead to unjustified increase in costs of meter design, verification and validation.
NOTE 12 Billing systems, such as, smart metering systems, are capable of detecting irregular consumption patterns and irregular network losses which enable discovery of suspected meter tampering.
NOTE 13 For transformer-operated meters paired with current transformers (CTs) according to IEC 61869-2:
– the standard CT measuring range is specified from 0,05 In to Imax for accuracy classes 0,1, 0,2, 0,5 and 1 and these CTs are used for meters of class 2 and 3 according to IEC 62053-23;
– the special CT measuring range is specified from 0,01 In to Imax for accuracy classes 0,2 S and 0,5 S and these CTs are used for meters of class 0,5 S and 1 S according to this document;
– combinations of standard CTs and meters of class 0,5 S and 1 S are subject to an agreement between manufacturers and purchasers.
NOTE 14 This document does not specify emission requirements, these are specified in IEC 62052-11 edition 3 CDV:2026, 9.3.14.
Classes 0,5 S and 1 S are only defined for transformer-operated and transducer-operated meters.
This document uses a conventional definition of reactive energy where the reactive power and energy is calculated from the fundamental frequency components of the currents and voltages only (see Clause 3).
NOTE 1 This differs from IEC 62053-23, where reactive power and energy is only defined for sinusoidal signals. In this document reactive power and energy is defined for all periodic signals. Reactive power and energy is defined in this way to achieve proper reproducibility of measurements with meters of different designs. With this definition, reactive power and energy reflects the generally unnecessary current which can be compensated with capacitors rather than the total unnecessary current.
NOTE 2 For other general requirements, such as safety, dependability, etc., see the relevant standards in the IEC 62052 or IEC 62059 series.
This document applies to electricity metering equipment designed to: – measure and control electrical energy on electrical networks (mains) with voltage up to 1 000 V AC;
NOTE 3 For AC electricity meters, the voltage mentioned above is the line-to-neutral voltage derived from nominal voltages. See IEC 62052-31:2024, Table 7.
– have all functional elements, including add-on modules, enclosed in, or forming a single meter case with exception of indicating displays;
– operate with integrated or detached indicating displays, or without an indicating display;
– be installed in a specified matching socket or rack;
– optionally, provide additional functions other than those for measurement of electrical energy.
Meters designed for operation with external transducers may be tested for compliance with this document:
– as directly connected meters, when such meters and their transducers are tested together;
– as transducer-operated meters when such meters are tested without transducers.
NOTE 4 When transducer-operated meters are tested without transducers, the reference measurements may be performed at the input terminals of the meter. This may require, for example, a traceable reference standard meter (standard, French: étalon) with inputs compatible with mV or mA level transducer output signals. Another practical way to test transducer-operated meters is to perform the reference measurement at the input terminals of calibrated reference transducers. This way, the reference standard meters, and test current sources may be the same as those used for testing of transformer-operated meters. The transformation ratio, metrological characteristics and uncertainty of the reference transducers are known and their influence can be removed by post-processing the test data. The determination of the appropriate test methodology is left to the expertise of the testing laboratory.
NOTE 5 Modern electricity meters typically contain additional functions such as measurement of voltage magnitude, current magnitude, power, frequency, power factor, etc.; measurement of power quality parameters; load control functions; delivery, time, test, accounting, recording functions; data communication interfaces and associated data security functions. The relevant standards for these functions may apply in addition to the requirements of this document. However, the requirements for such functions are outside the scope of this document.
NOTE 6 Product requirements for power metering and monitoring devices (PMDs) and measurement functions such as voltage magnitude, current magnitude, power, frequency, etc., are covered in IEC 61557-12. However, devices compliant with IEC 61557-12 are not intended to be used as billing meters unless they are also compliant with IEC 62052-11 edition 3 CDV:2026 and one or more relevant IEC 62053-xx accuracy class standards.
NOTE 7 Product requirements for power quality instruments (PQIs) are covered in IEC 62586-1. Requirements for power quality measurement techniques (functions) are covered in IEC 61000-4-30. Requirements for testing of the power quality measurement functions are covered in IEC 62586-2.
This document does not apply to: – meters for which the voltage line-to-neutral derived from nominal voltages exceeds 1 000 V AC;
– metering systems comprising multiple devices (except transducers) physically remote from one another;
– portable meters;
NOTE 8 Portable meters are meters that are not permanently connected.
– meters used in rolling stock, vehicles, ships and airplanes;
– laboratory and meter test equipment;
– reference standard meters;
– data interfaces to the register of the meter;
– matching sockets or racks used for installation of electricity metering equipment;
– any additional functions provided in electrical energy meters.
This document does not cover measures for the detection and prevention of fraudulent attempts to compromise a meter’s performance (tampering).
NOTE 9 Nevertheless, specific tampering detection and prevention requirements, and test methods, as relevant for a particular market are subject to the agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
NOTE 10 Specifying requirements and test methods for fraud detection and prevention would be counterproductive, as such specifications would provide guidance for potential fraudsters.
NOTE 11 There are many types of meter tampering reported from various markets; therefore, designing meters to detect and prevent all types of tampering could lead to unjustified increase in costs of meter design, verification and validation.
NOTE 12 Billing systems, such as, smart metering systems, are capable of detecting irregular consumption patterns and irregular network losses which enable discovery of suspected meter tampering.
NOTE 13 For transformer-operated meters paired with current transformers (CTs) according to IEC 61869-2:
– the standard CT measuring range is specified from 0,05 In to Imax for accuracy classes 0,1, 0,2, 0,5 and 1 and these CTs are used for meters of class 2 and 3 according to IEC 62053-23;
– the special CT measuring range is specified from 0,01 In to Imax for accuracy classes 0,2 S and 0,5 S and these CTs are used for meters of class 0,5 S and 1 S according to this document;
– combinations of standard CTs and meters of class 0,5 S and 1 S are subject to an agreement between manufacturers and purchasers.
NOTE 14 This document does not specify emission requirements, these are specified in IEC 62052-11 edition 3 CDV:2026, 9.3.14.
Alusdokumendid:
13/2003/CDV; prEN IEC 62053-24:2026